Sarcouncil Journal of Medical Series

Abstract: Background: There is a severe clinical problem of postmenopausal bleeding (PMB), which requires in-depth research as it can signify either endometrial cancer or other gynecological complications. Aim: The general objective of the study is to investigate the clinical features of women with PMB with an emphasis on the relationship between BMI and endometrial thickness (ET) and outcomes of a histopathological analysis. We investigate the impact of BMI on ET, the trend in histopathological results, and the value of ET in identifying endometrial cancer. Procedure: It is a cross-sectional study that conducted a review of data of 122 women with PMB who were observed in Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq, in April 2022 – 2023. The participants were categorized on the basis of demographic and baseline factors. ET was assessed using transvaginal ultrasound and categorized. A review of the histopathological findings was done to isolate benign, precancerous, and malignant lesions. We searched for connections between BMI and ET, BMI, and pathology. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were also conducted in order to identify risk factors of endometrial cancer. Findings: The researchers determined that there was a strong correlation between increased BMI and increased ET, and obese women had more endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. Univariate analysis identified BMI, ET, and age as significant risk factors, and multivariate regression affirmed that BMI and ET were independent predictors. Conclusion: This study highlights the need to examine BMI and ET in assessing PMB. One of the risk factors of endometrial disease is obesity. Even though an ET of 10mm and above is an effective screening tool, its assessment needs to be modified by BMI to increase the level of diagnosis. These findings indicate the need to have a personalized risk assessment of women having PMB that involves anthropometric and sonographic measurements that enhance patient outcomes and early cancer detection.